Hydrochloric Acid Hazards and Risks
Hydrochloric acid is a clear, poisonous, highly corrosive caustic chemical which immediately causes severe damage to tissues, such as burning, on contact.
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions To Avoid:
Mechanical shock, incompatible materials, metals, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, bases. Peroxides, metal salts.
Disposal Considerations
Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.
Ecological Information :
Environmental: Rapidly hydrolyzes when exposed to water. Will exhibit extensive evaporation from soil surfaces. Upon transport through the soil, hydrochloric acid will dissolve some of the soil materials (especially those
with carbonate bases) and the acid will neutralize to some degree.
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation: May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract with sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath and delayed lung edema. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. Exposure to the mist and vapor may erode exposed teeth. Causes corrosive action on the mucous membranes.
Ingestion: May cause circulatory system failure. Causes severe digestive tract burns with abdominal pain, vomiting, and possible death. May cause corrosion and permanent tissue destruction of the esophagus and digestive tract. May be harmful if swallowed.
Skin: May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Contact with liquid is corrosive and causes severe burns and ulceration.
Eye: May cause irreversible eye injury. Vapor or mist may cause irritation and severe burns. Contact with liquid is corrosive to the eyes and causes severe burns. May cause painful sensitization to light.
Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Repeated exposure may cause erosion of teeth.May cause fetal effects. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. Prolonged exposure may cause conjunctivitis, photosensitization, and possible blindness.
Stability And Reactivity
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions To Avoid: Mechanical shock, incompatible materials, metals, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, bases. Peroxides, metal salts.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition; SODIUM OXIDE
Polymerization: Will not polymerize. However, it can induce hazardous polymerization of acetaldehyde, acrolein and acrylonitrile.
Incompatibilities With Other Materials: Bases, acetic anhydride, alkali metals, aluminum, amines, copper, copper alloys, fluorine, iron, sodium hydroxide, steel, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate, zinc, potassium permanganate, cesium acetylene carbide, rubidium acetylene carbide, rubidium carbide, sodium, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, carbonates, perchloric acid, calcium phosphide, metal oxides, acetates, cesium carbide, beta-propiolactone, ethyleneimine, propylene oxide, lithium silicides, alcohols + hydrogen cyanide, 2- aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium carbide, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylene diamine, magnesium boride, mercuric sulfate, silver perchlorate + carbon tetrachloride, uranium phosphide.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.
Precautions For Safe Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in well ventilated area. Contents may develop pressure upon prolonged storage. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Keep container tightly closed Do not ingest or inhale. Discard contaminated shoes. Use caution when opening. Keep from contact with moist air and steam.
Precautions For Safe Storage (including any incompatibilities):
Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Corrosives area. Do not store in metal containers. Store protected from moisture. Do not store near flammable or oxidizing substances (especially nitric acid or chlorates).
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions To Avoid:
Mechanical shock, incompatible materials, metals, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, bases. Peroxides, metal salts.
Disposal Considerations
Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regulations to ensure complete and accurate classification.
Ecological Information :
Environmental: Rapidly hydrolyzes when exposed to water. Will exhibit extensive evaporation from soil surfaces. Upon transport through the soil, hydrochloric acid will dissolve some of the soil materials (especially those
with carbonate bases) and the acid will neutralize to some degree.
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation: May cause severe irritation of the respiratory tract with sore throat, coughing, shortness of breath and delayed lung edema. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. Exposure to the mist and vapor may erode exposed teeth. Causes corrosive action on the mucous membranes.
Ingestion: May cause circulatory system failure. Causes severe digestive tract burns with abdominal pain, vomiting, and possible death. May cause corrosion and permanent tissue destruction of the esophagus and digestive tract. May be harmful if swallowed.
Skin: May be absorbed through the skin in harmful amounts. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Contact with liquid is corrosive and causes severe burns and ulceration.
Eye: May cause irreversible eye injury. Vapor or mist may cause irritation and severe burns. Contact with liquid is corrosive to the eyes and causes severe burns. May cause painful sensitization to light.
Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Repeated exposure may cause erosion of teeth.May cause fetal effects. Laboratory experiments have resulted in mutagenic effects. Prolonged exposure may cause conjunctivitis, photosensitization, and possible blindness.
Stability And Reactivity
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions To Avoid: Mechanical shock, incompatible materials, metals, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, bases. Peroxides, metal salts.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition; SODIUM OXIDE
Polymerization: Will not polymerize. However, it can induce hazardous polymerization of acetaldehyde, acrolein and acrylonitrile.
Incompatibilities With Other Materials: Bases, acetic anhydride, alkali metals, aluminum, amines, copper, copper alloys, fluorine, iron, sodium hydroxide, steel, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate, zinc, potassium permanganate, cesium acetylene carbide, rubidium acetylene carbide, rubidium carbide, sodium, chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, carbonates, perchloric acid, calcium phosphide, metal oxides, acetates, cesium carbide, beta-propiolactone, ethyleneimine, propylene oxide, lithium silicides, alcohols + hydrogen cyanide, 2- aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, calcium carbide, 1,1-difluoroethylene, ethylene diamine, magnesium boride, mercuric sulfate, silver perchlorate + carbon tetrachloride, uranium phosphide.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.
Precautions For Safe Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in well ventilated area. Contents may develop pressure upon prolonged storage. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Keep container tightly closed Do not ingest or inhale. Discard contaminated shoes. Use caution when opening. Keep from contact with moist air and steam.
Precautions For Safe Storage (including any incompatibilities):
Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Corrosives area. Do not store in metal containers. Store protected from moisture. Do not store near flammable or oxidizing substances (especially nitric acid or chlorates).
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